NoteDetail

1. Germany pledges Ukraine aid as Russia strikes Kyiv. Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced over €1.3 billion in aid during a Kyiv visit, bolstering Ukraine as Russian attacks hit the capital. (France 24)

2. Spain calls early election amid housing crisis. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez called an election for 29 November after housing measures failed in parliament, putting his government's future to voters. (BBC)

3. France and Germany seek stronger EU trade defences. Macron and Merz proposed a new EU legal tool to respond rapidly to trade wars and dumping, seeking stronger protection against unfair competition. (France 24)

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